MIF Patterns
To help you detect and prevent MIF, we have developed a set of MIF patterns that identify suspicious or anomalous transactions based on various criteria, such as transaction type, amount, frequency, card origin, response code, and more. These patterns are based on industry best practices and our own data analysis.
The table below lists the reference number, outlier type, and reason code for each MIF pattern. You can use these patterns to monitor your merchants’ transactions and take appropriate actions if you detect any signs of MIF.
| Reference Number | Outlier Type | Reason Code |
|---|---|---|
| 001 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of high-risk authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 002 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of captures with a card from a sanctioned country, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 003 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high ratio of refunds, out of all captures (above 30%) |
| 004 | Outlying total volume per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high total amount of refunds, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 005 | Outlying average amount per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high average amount, out of all captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 006 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of recurring, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 007 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of frequency of transactions, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 008 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high ratio of CNP transactions, out of all failed authorisations (above 70%) |
| 009 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of CNP transactions, out of all high-risk authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 010 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of suspected fraud response codes, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 011 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as withdrawals, compared to all captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 012 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high ratio of CNP transactions, out of all high-risk authorisations (above 70%) |
| 013 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of 3Ds-disabled transactions, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 014 | Outlying total volume per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high total amount of authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 015 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as failed authorisations, compared to all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 016 | Outlying total volume per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high total amount of captures with a card from a sanctioned country, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 017 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of refunds, out of all captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 018 | Outlying total volume per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high total amount of withdrawals, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 019 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of CNP transactions, out of all high-risk authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 020 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as POS captures coming from a non-regional card, compared to all POS captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 021 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of withdrawals, out of all captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 022 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of transactions, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 023 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high ratio of suspected fraud response codes, out of all authorisations (above 10%) |
| 024 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of POS transactions with a non-regional card, out of all POS captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 025 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of captures with a card from a sanctioned country, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 026 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of high-risk authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 027 | Outlying maximum amount per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high maximum amount, out of all captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 028 | Outlying ratio the same entity in a sequence of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of authorisations with the same card, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 029 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of transactions happening overnight, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 030 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of refunds, out of all captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 031 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high ratio of suspected fraud response codes, out of all authorisations (above 20%) |
| 032 | Outlying total volume per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high total amount of failed authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 033 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of transactions happening overnight, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 034 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of PoS transactions coming from a foreign card, out of all POS captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 035 | Outlying ratio the same entity in a sequence of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of authorisations with the same amount, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 036 | Outlying average amount per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high average amount, out of all captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 037 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of captures with a card from a sanctioned country, out of all captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 038 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 039 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high ratio of failed transactions, out of all authorisations (above 5%) |
| 040 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of transactions exceeding the limit, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 041 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as POS captures coming from a foreign card, compared to all POS captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 042 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of CNP transactions, out of all failed authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 043 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of CNP transactions, out of all failed authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 044 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high ratio of suspected fraud response codes, out of all authorisations (above 1%) |
| 045 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as refunds, compared to all captures (above 50%) |
| 046 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as POS captures coming from a foreign card, compared to all POS captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 047 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of moto transactions, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 048 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of transactions exceeding the limit, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 049 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of refunds, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 050 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of failed transactions, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 051 | Outlying total volume per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high total amount of successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 052 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of CNP transactions, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 053 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as captures with a card from a sanctioned country, compared to all captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 054 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as refunds, compared to all captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 055 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of failed transactions, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 056 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of recurring, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 057 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of failed authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 058 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of CNP transactions, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 059 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of 3Ds-disabled transactions, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 060 | Outlying ratio the same entity in a sequence of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of authorisations with the same amount, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 061 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as failed authorisations, compared to all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 062 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as refunds, compared to all captures (above 30%) |
| 063 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of POS transactions with a non-regional card, out of all POS captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 064 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high ratio of failed transactions, out of all authorisations (above 20%) |
| 065 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of transactions, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 066 | High raw ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected a sequence of transactions with a high ratio of refunds, out of all captures (above 50%) |
| 067 | Outlying total volume per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high total amount of captures with a card from a sanctioned country, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 068 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of frequency of transactions, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 069 | Outlying ratio the same entity in a sequence of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of authorisations with the same card, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 070 | Outlying total volume per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high total amount of failed authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 071 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of moto transactions, out of all successful authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 072 | Outlying average amount per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high average amount, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 073 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of suspected fraud response codes, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 074 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of captures with a card from a sanctioned country, out of all captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 075 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 076 | Outlying ratio of the total number of transactions | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high ratio of PoS transactions coming from a foreign card, out of all POS captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 077 | Outlying total volume per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high total amount of captures, when compared to the merchant's historical transactions |
| 078 | Outlying average amount per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high average amount, out of all authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 079 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as POS captures coming from a non-regional card, compared to all POS captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 080 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as refunds, compared to all captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 081 | Outlying number of transactions per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of high number of failed authorisations, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 082 | Outlying maximum amount per transaction type | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high maximum amount, out of all captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 083 | Outlying ratio of the total transaction volume | Detected an outlying sequence of transactions with a high percentage of the amount as captures with a card from a sanctioned country, compared to all captures, when compared to the merchant's peer group |
| 084 | Negative running balance | The merchant has accumulated a negative balance (more refunds than captures) of at least x since the first transaction. |
| 085 | Daily, weekly and monthly averages | The number of captures in the last week is x% higher than the weekly average number of captures the last month |
| 086 | Daily, weekly and monthly averages | The number of captures in the last day is x% higher than the daily average number of captures the last week |